Dictionary of High Frequency Function Words in Literary Chinese

<p><em>A Dictionary of High Frequency Function Words in Literary Chinese</em> is the first comprehensive work on the subject that constitutes a new approach to teaching and learning by providing both a reference tool and a reader.</p><p>This dictionary can serve both as a reference book and as an anthology for teaching and learning literary Chinese (the premodern written language) and both ancient and contemporary Chinese culture. It differs from the traditional design of dictionaries in that it includes detailed explanations, with examples, for different uses of the graphs most often used to represent function words in literary Chinese. To facilitate teaching and learning through association, the early meaning, extended meanings, and borrowed meanings for each graph are provided, along with explanations supported by the various stages of the historical development of the graph and other relevant research. Each word is grouped into the primary word class to which it belongs, based on its lexical or grammatical meanings, its collocations, and its function in a sentence. Modern idioms derived from words and phrases in the sample passages are provided in order to promote cultural knowledge and show the important role literary Chinese continues to play in everyday life. All Chinese words are provided with Putonghua romanization to facilitate learning and recall through sound; special pronunciations are explained. </p><p>This book can be used as a textbook, as extended reading, or as a reference work for undergraduate or graduate classes on literary/classical Chinese, Chinese manuscript studies, Chinese language and culture, Putonghua, translation studies, or even linguistics. It can also be used as an anthology from which the teacher can select passages for students to study.</p> <p><em>Acknowledgments</em></p><p><em>User’s Guide</em></p><p><em>Design of the Dictionary</em></p><p><em>Abbreviations</em></p><p><strong>Entries</strong></p><p>ān 安 </p><p>ānsuǒ 安所 </p><p>bù 不 </p><p>bùyì 不亦…hū乎 </p><p>dàn 但 </p><p>ér 而 </p><p>érhòu 而后/而後 </p><p>éryǐ 而已 </p><p>éryǐyǐ 而已矣 </p><p>ěr 耳 </p><p>ěryǐ 耳矣 </p><p>ěr 爾 </p><p>yún’ěr云爾 </p><p>fēi 非 </p><p>fǒu 否 </p><p>fú 夫 </p><p>fú 弗 </p><p>gài 蓋 </p><p>gǎn 敢 </p><p>gǒu 苟 </p><p>gù 固 </p><p>hé 何 </p><p>hé rú 何如 </p><p>héqí 何其 </p><p>hé wèi 何為 </p><p>hé yǐ 何以 </p><p>héyǒu 何有 </p><p>hé 曷 </p><p>hé 盍 </p><p>hū 乎 </p><p>hū’ér 乎而/乎爾 </p><p>hūzāi 乎哉 </p><p>huò 或 </p><p>jī/jǐ幾 </p><p>jiàn/xiàn 見 </p><p>kuàng 況</p><p>mò 莫 </p><p>mò. . . yú 莫……於 </p><p>nǎi 乃 (迺/廼) </p><p>qí 其 </p><p>qǐ 豈 </p><p>qiě 且 </p><p>qǐng 請 </p><p>rán 然 </p><p>ránhòu<i> </i>然後 </p><p>ruò 若 </p><p>ruò ……hé 若……何 </p><p>shì 是 </p><p>shú 孰 </p><p>shú yǔ孰與 </p><p>sī 斯 </p><p>sīxū 斯須 </p><p>suǒ 所 </p><p>suǒ yǐ 所以 </p><p>wéi為 </p><p>wéi 唯 </p><p>wéi 唯…shì 是 </p><p>wéi 唯…zhī 之 </p><p>wéi 惟 </p><p>wū 惡 </p><p>wú 亡 </p><p>wú 毋 </p><p>wúnǎi 毋乃/無乃 </p><p>wú 無 </p><p>wù 勿 </p><p>xī 奚 </p><p>xìn 信 </p><p>yān 焉 </p><p>yé 邪/耶 </p><p>yě 也 </p><p>yǐ 以 </p><p>yǐ wéi 以為 </p><p>yǐ 矣 </p><p>yì 亦 </p><p>yú 于 </p><p>yú 與 </p><p>zāi 哉 </p><p>zhě 者 </p><p>zhī 之 </p><p>zhū 諸 </p><p><em>Glossary of Technical Terms </em></p><p><em>Bibliography </em></p><p><em>Index of idioms</em></p>