A Handbook of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) stands as one of the most transformative techniques in the history of molecular biology. Since its conceptualization by Kary Mullis in 1983 PCR has become a cornerstone of modern biological sciences. Its profound impact is evident across diverse fields such as genetics biotechnology agriculture medicine environmental science and forensic investigations. The ability to amplify minute quantities of DNA with precision and specificity has opened new frontiers in diagnostics research and innovation. This book PCR: Principles Types Applications and Practical Exercises is written to serve as both a foundational text and a practical guide for students educators researchers and professionals working in molecular biology and related disciplines. It is the culmination of our collective experiences in teaching research and applied molecular diagnostics with the intent to demystify PCR and present it as a dynamic approachable and immensely powerful tool.Dr. Manish K Dwivedi is working as Scientist-2 at Hikal Limited R&D Pune India. He completed his Ph.D. from the Department of Biotechnology Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak District Anuppur Madhya Pradesh India. He has been awarded research funding from DHR-ICMR as a Young Scientist. He has also worked as a Junior Research Fellow in a DST-NRDMS-funded project. Dr. Dwivedi has eight years of research and development experience in several research centers/universities and pharmaceutical sector. He completed his M.Phil. and M.Sc. in Biochemistry from Awadhesh Pratap Singh University Rewa Madhya Pradesh and was awarded two gold medals at the time of M.Sc. and M.Phil. His area of interest is infectious disease biology (Malaria) Metabolic disease (Diabetes) Drug Discovery and Drug Development and Analytical Method Development and Validation (HPLC LC-MS HRMS). He holds a patent titled “Biochemical methods for enhancing pancreatic beta-cell function in Diabetic patients.” He has also published several national and international papers and book chapters. Dr. Prashant Kumar Singh is working as an Associate Professor in the Department of Biochemistry University of Lucknow Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India. Prior to joining the University of Lucknow Dr. Singh has served Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Madhya Pradesh India as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biotechnology for more than ten years. Dr. Singh has more than twelve years of research and teaching experience. He obtained his PhD degree from Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi while working at CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow UP. He did his Master''s in Industrial Biotechnology from CCS University Meerut UP. He also worked as a Research Associate at the National Institute of Immunology New Delhi. His areas of research interest are Infectious disease biology Vaccine and Drug development for neglected tropical diseases. He is also working on Indian Knowledge Systems and is scientifically validating traditionally used medicinal plants for novel drug development especially for malaria sickle cell disease and microbial infections. His research aims to develop novel drugs that are acceptable affordable and indigenously developed. To his credit he has several national and international research publications and book chapters. He has been granted research funding from various funding agencies such as DST-SERB DHR-ICMR DST-NRDMS ICSSR UGC DST and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.