A Hygienic City-Nation

Calcutta the centre of British imperial power in India figures in scholarship as the locus of colonialism and the hotbed of anti-colonial nationalist movements. Yet historians have largely ignored how the city shaped these movements. A Hygienic City-Nation is the first academic work that examines everyday urban formations in the colonial city that informed the broad global forces of imperialism nationalism and urbanism and were in turn shaped by them. Drawing on previously unexplored archives of the Calcutta Improvement Trust and neighbourhood clubs the author uncovers hidden stories of the city at the everyday level of neighbourhoods or paras where kinship-like ties caste religion and ethnicity constituted new urban modernity. Ghosh focuses on an emergent discourse on Hindu spatial hygiene that powered nationalist pedagogic efforts to train city dwellers in conduct fit for the city-nation. In such pedagogic efforts upper-caste Bengalis were pitted against the lower-caste working poor and featured as ideal inhabitants of the city the citizen.