African American Preachers and Politics

The story of two African American ministers and their struggle to balance both sacred and secular worldsDuring most of the twentieth century Archibald J. Carey Sr. (1868-1931) and Archibald J. Carey Jr. (1908-1981) father and son exemplified a blend of ministry and politics that many African American religious leaders pursued. Their sacred and secular concerns merged in efforts to improve the spiritual and material well-being of their congregations. But as political alliances became necessary both wrestled with moral consequences and varied outcomes. Both were ministers to Chicago's largest African Methodist Episcopal Church congregations-- the senior Carey as a bishop and the junior Carey as a pastor and an attorney.Bishop Carey associated himself mainly with Chicago mayor William Hale Thompson a Republican whom he presented to black voters as an ally. When the mayor appointed Carey to the city's civil service commission Carey helped in the hiring and promotion of local blacks. But alleged impropriety for selling jobs marred the bishop's tenure. The junior Carey also a Republican and an alderman became head of the panel on anti-discrimination in employment for the Eisenhower administration. Heaided innumerable black federal employees. Although an influential benefactor of CORE and SCLC Carey associated with notorious FBI director J. Edgar Hoover and compromised support for Martin Luther King Jr. Both Careys believed politics offered clergy the best opportunities to empower the black population. Their imperfect alliances and mixed results however proved the complexity of combining the realms of spirituality and politics.Dennis C. Dickerson Nashville Tennessee is James M. Lawson Jr. Professor of History at Vanderbilt University. His previous books are Out of the Crucible: Black Steelworkers in Western Pennsylvania 1875-1980 and Militant Mediator: Whitney M. Young Jr.