<p> Now in its third edition this is a bigger (more than 11000 entries) updated version of the 1989 original covering the enormous kaleidoscope of changing political boundaries names and rulers of Africa.</p><p>This exhaustive reference allows the user quickly to determine what happened in or to each country and when--changes of names political systems rulers and so on. The term state is loosely defined to embrace throughout the history of Africa any area of land with recognized borders and evidence of a continuing governmental structure almost always with a capital city.</p><p> Entries give official name of country dates during which it went by that name location capital alternate names including cross-references to previous and later incarnations and a list of rulers with dates of power when known. A new table details AIDS in the African states.</p>