Application of ZnO Nanoparticles in Seed Germination

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized using both chemical deposition and green synthesis methods showing sharp optical absorbance edges indicative of quantum confinement effects. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the hexagonal wurzite structure of nanoparticles with green synthesis resulting in smaller and more crystalline nanoparticles. Comparative studies on chickpea seed germination revealed that lower concentrations of green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles enhanced shoot growth more effectively than those synthesized chemically. The green synthesis method utilizing Acalypha indica leaf extract proved to be more eco-friendly and effective in promoting seed germination. EDAX spectra confirmed the uptake of these biogenic nanoparticles by plants.