Aspects of Rationality

<p>What does it mean to be rational – to reason well and effectively? How does rationality broadly conceived relate to the knowledge one acquires the beliefs one forms the explanations one constructs or appropriates the judgments and decisions one makes the values one adopts? What is the character of human reasoning and in particular does it tend to be rational?</p><p>Much has been written about human rationality – or lack thereof. In recent years some writers have focused attention on the numerous ways in which people appear not to be rational at least if being rational is taken to mean always thinking or behaving in accordance with some normative standard. Others have argued that if human reasoning is as flawed as this work suggests it is a wonder that we as a species are around to notice the fact.</p><p>This book examines much of the experimental research on reasoning as it relates to a variety of conceptions of rationality not limited to conformity of thought and behavior or to the dictates of one or another normative system. The discussion focuses on specific topics that represent essential aspects of any adequately inclusive conception of rationality: intelligence and knowledge; beliefs; goals values and affect; explanations; judgment and choice; understanding and wisdom.</p>