<P>This book gathers concepts of information across diverse fields: physics electrical engineering and computational science. It surveys current theories discusses underlying notions of symmetry and shows how the capacity of a system to distinguish itself relates to information. The author develops a formal methodology using group theory leading to the application of Burnside's Lemma to count distinguishable states. This provides a tool to quantify complexity and information capacity in any physical system.</P><P>Written in an informal style the book is equally accessible to researchers in fields of physics chemistry biology computational science as well as many others.</P>