Biotechnology is the use of an organism or a component of an organism or other biological system to make a product or process for a specific use. The topics of biology and bioprocessing are specifically combined to offer a thorough overview of biotechnology in this textbook Basic Biotechnology. A wide range of examples are discussed to illustrate how these fundamental principles are applied from the starting substrate to the final product as well as the fundamental principles that form the basis of all biotechnology. This thorough textbook is required reading for all applied microbiology and biotechnology students as well as for biotechnology industry researchers.