BIOMECHANICS OF MINI IMPLANTS

Mini implants also known as temporary anchorage devices (TADs) have transformed orthodontic biomechanics by providing absolute anchorage with minimal patient compliance. Their small size ease of placement and versatility allow force systems to be applied directly to skeletal structures reducing unwanted reciprocal tooth movements. This review discusses the biomechanical principles underlying mini implant use including optimal site selection insertion angulation load distribution and factors influencing primary and secondary stability. Clinical applications such as intrusion retraction molar uprighting and en-masse movement are highlighted along with considerations of implant design and force vectors. Emphasis is placed on how mini implants expand treatment possibilities while minimizing anchorage loss thus serving as a reliable adjunct in contemporary orthodontics.