By-products in hardening slurries for cut-off walls

The new EU-applicable regulations on circular economy force producers of by-products (power plant and cogeneration plants) to utilize them to the highest possible degree. The carbon combustion process in pulverized boilers generates fly ash which may be used for the production of cement and concrete. Modern combustion technologies introduce new products in the form of fluidized slag and ash with their utilization being quite a challenge for researchers. The monograph covers the issue of applying various types of fly ash in hardening slurry – building material of cut-off walls used among the others in modernization of flood protecting dikes. The methods of cut-off walls execution are described. Also various by-products are characterized. Properties of hardening slurries in liquid and solid state including phase composition and microstructure are presented.