China's Population

Using the 2024 China National Statistical Yearbook (14 core population tables 1949-2023 national data 2014-2023 provincial data) and supplementary sources like the 2023 China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook it applies methods including descriptive statistics Apriori-based association rule mining K-means clustering cohort component method and ARIMA model.Key research covers: constructing a standardized population database via data preprocessing; analyzing multi-dimensional population characteristics (size contraction since 2022 deepening aging rising urbanization uneven regional mobility improved quality); predicting 2030-2050 trends under 4 scenarios (baseline fertility stimulation etc.); exploring population-socioeconomic interactions (aging's impact on endowment insurance labor shrinkage's constraint on manufacturing); and proposing region-specific policies (e.g. Population Return Incentive Program for Northeast China).The study holds theoretical value in advancing population economics theories and practical significance in supporting China's high-quality population-driven modernization.