中国通史批判第五卷 Criticism of Chinese General History Volume Five

隋唐时期是第二期中国文明的共主时代， 正如魏晋南北朝时期是第二期中国文明的王国时代。再往前推， 可见--1、周朝以前是第一期中国文明的王国时代， 2、殷末西周是第一期中国文明的共主时代， 3、东周是第一期中国文明的春秋、战国， 4、秦两汉是第一期中国文明的帝国时代。Synopsis: The Sui and Tang Dynasties were the second period of suzerain of Chinese civilization just as the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties were the second period of the kingdom of Chinese civilization. Pushing further forward it can be seen that - 1. The Zhou Dynasty was the first period of the kingdom era of Chinese civilization; 2. The Western Zhou Dynasty at the end of the Yin Dynasty was the first period of Chinese civilization Warring States 4 Qin and Han is the first period of the imperial era of Chinese civilization.