Cryptography is probably the most important aspect of communications security and is becoming increasingly important as a basic building block for computer security.The increased use of computer and communications systems by industry has increased the risk of theft of proprietary information. Although these threats may require a variety of countermeasures encryption is a primary method of protecting valuable electronic information.By far the most important automated tool for network and communications security is encryption. Two forms of encryption are in common use: conventional or symmetric encryption and public-key or asymmetric encryption.Part One provides a survey of the basic principles of symmetric encryption looks at widely used algorithms and discusses applications of symmetric cryptography.