Declarative Logic Programming

<p>The idea of this book grew out of a symposium that was held at Stony Brook in September 2012 in celebration of David S.Warren's fundamental contributions to Computer Science and the area of Logic Programming in particular.</p><p>Logic Programming (LP) is at the nexus of Knowledge Representation Artificial Intelligence Mathematical Logic Databases and Programming Languages. It is fascinating and intellectually stimulating due to the fundamental interplay among theory systems and applications brought about by logic. Logic programs are more <i>declarative</i> in the sense that they strive to be logical specifications of what to do rather than how to do it and thus they are high-level and easier to understand and maintain. Yet without being given an actual algorithm LP systems implement the logical specifications automatically.</p><p>Several books cover the basics of LP but focus mostly on the Prolog language with its incomplete control strategy and non-logical features. At the same time there is generally a lack of accessible yet comprehensive collections of articles covering the key aspects in declarative LP. These aspects include among others well-founded vs. stable model semantics for negation constraints object-oriented LP updates probabilistic LP and evaluation methods including top-down vs. bottom-up and tabling.</p><p>For systems the situation is even less satisfactory lacking accessible literature that can help train the new crop of developers practitioners and researchers. There are a few guides onWarren's Abstract Machine (WAM) which underlies most implementations of Prolog but very little exists on what is needed for constructing a state-of-the-art declarative LP inference engine. Contrast this with the literature on say Compilers where one can first study a book on the general principles and algorithms and then dive in the particulars of a specific compiler. Such resources greatly facilitate the ability to start making meaningful contributions quickly. There is also a dearth of articles about systems that support truly declarative languages especially those that tie into first-order logic mathematical programming and constraint solving.</p><p>LP helps solve challenging problems in a wide range of application areas but in-depth analysis of their connection with LP language abstractions and LP implementation methods is lacking. Also rare are surveys of challenging application areas of LP such as Bioinformatics Natural Language Processing Verification and Planning.</p><p>The goal of this book is to help fill in the previously mentioned void in the LP literature. It offers a number of overviews on key aspects of LP that are suitable for researchers and practitioners as well as graduate students. The following chapters in theory systems and applications of LP are included.</p>