Defeating Authoritarian Leaders in Postcommunist Countries

From 1998 To 2005 Six Elections Took Place In Postcommunist Europe That Had The Surprising Outcome Of Empowering The Opposition And Defeating Authoritarian Incumbents Or Their Designated Successors. Valerie J. Bunce And Sharon L. Wolchik Compare These Unexpected Electoral Breakthroughs. They Draw Three Conclusions. First The Opposition Was Victorious Because Of The Hard And Creative Work Of A Transnational Network Composed Of Local Opposition And Civil Society Groups Members Of The International Democracy Assistance Community And Graduates Of Successful Electoral Challenges To Authoritarian Rule In Other Countries. Second The Remarkable Run Of These Upset Elections Reflected The Ability Of This Network To Diffuse An Ensemble Of Innovative Electoral Strategies Across State Boundaries. Finally Elections Can Serve As A Powerful Mechanism For Democratic Change. This Is Especially The Case When Civil Society Is Strong The Transfer Of Political Power Is Through Constitutional Means And Opposition Leaders Win With Small Mandates.