Development

Essay from the year 2003 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Miscellaneous grade: Honours Dublin City University language: English abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyse the development successes and failures of certain countries taking into account whether specific development theories have been applied successfully or not. In order to do so I will briefly outline the tenets of the main development theories focussing on their constructive aspects without silencing the criticism held against them. Subsequently I will discuss the different understandings of the term development which will be followed by country-specific analyses of development successes and failures in the light of development theory for which East Asia Nigeria and Cuba will be used as case studies. Lastly I will discuss whether reality really proved the predictions of development theory wrong. Generally speaking the spirit of Peter W. Preston''s attitude expressed in his article Development Theory: Learning the Lessons and Moving On1 forges the entire essay. Modernisation theory the first main development theory of the post-World War II and decolonisation era clearly reflects Cold War patterns and as Ronaldo Munck put it was an expression of the then-hegemonic US imperialism [Kirby: 1997 p. 45]. In the wake of the successful implementation of the Marshall Plan the rest of the world should also be modernised and by doing so convinced to join the capitalist system. The Soviet Union in turn applied its rubel diplomacy to support several national liberation movements to get their share of the world. Unfortunately the idiosyncrasies and special needs of development countries were not taken into consideration. Despite the fact that the modernisation ideas promoted by Durkheim Weber Parson Rostow and McClelland do entail opportunities for general advancement it is hard to imagine how they should have been compatible with societies predominantly