Enclosed Garden and the Medieval Religious Imaginary

During the Middle Ages the arresting motif of the walled garden - especially in its manifestation as a sacred or love-inflected <i>hortus conclusus</i> - was a common literary device. Usually associated with the Virgin Mary or the Lady of popular romance it appeared in myriad literary and iconographic forms largely for its aesthetic decorative and symbolic qualities.<br/>This study focuses on the more complex metaphysical functions and meanings attached to it between 1100 and 1400 - and in particular those associated with the gardens of Eden and the Song of Songs. Drawing on contemporary theories of gender gardens landscape and space it traces specifically the resurfacing and reworking of the idea and image of the enclosed garden within the writings of medieval holy women and other female-coded texts. In so doing it presents the enclosed garden as generator of a powerfully gendered hermeneutic imprint within the medieval religious imaginary - indeed as an alternative language used to articulate those highly complex female-coded approaches to God that came to dominate late-medieval religiosity.<br/>The book also responds to the eco-turn in our own troubled times that attempts to return the non-human to the centre of public and private discourse. The texts under scrutiny therefore invite responses as both literary <i>and</i> garden spaces where form often reflects content and where their authors are also diligent gardeners the apocryphal <i>Lives</i> of Adam and Eve for example; the horticulturally-inflected <i>Hortus Deliciarum</i> of Herrad of Hohenburg and the green philosophies of Hildegard of Bingen's <i>Scivias</i>; the visionary writings of Gertrude the Great and Mechthild of Hackeborn collaborating within their Helfta nunnery; the Middle English poem <i>Pearl</i>; and multiple reworkings of the deeply problematic and increasingly sexualized garden enclosing the biblical figure of Susanna.