Endodontic Microsurgery

Surgical endodontics is often a last resort when nonsurgical retreatment is impractical or unlikely to improve on a previous result. In particular only surgical intervention might resolve cases involving a persistent lesion that is related to a periapical cyst or complex canal anatomy. In recent years modern techniques that include the use of magnification tools micro-instruments ultrasonic instruments and more biocompatible filling materials have been introduced. Current EMS techniques entail the use of an operating microscope to better identify canals fractures and isthmuses angled ultrasonic root-end preparation instruments facilitating accurate root-end preparation along the long axis of the root canal without blocking visibility; and new root-end filling materials such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) that have improved leakage resistance biocompatibility antimicrobial properties and moisture tolerance. The ultrasonic technique healing success of 95% was compared with 65% success with the traditional techniques.