<p><span style=color: rgba(23 43 77 1)>Combined with the rapid development of new fields in science and technology there is also a requirement for the necessary materials to have excellent mechanical properties wear resistance high-temperature features corrosion resistance etc. particularly in the fields of aerospace marine science and automobiles. Such materials can suffer from severe wear corrosion or high-temperature oxidation on their surface resulting in their initial failure and even more severe losses. Therefore the surface characteristics of these materials should be improved. We launched a Special Issue titled Enhanced Mechanical Properties by Surface Treatment which intends to serve as a unique multidisciplinary forum covering a variety of materials advanced manufacturing technology advanced characterization methods performance measurements and numerical simulation. Now the Special Issue has been closed and 21 papers have been published. This Special Issue includes (but is not limited to) the following topics: materials such as metal alloys ceramic materials polymers and composites; performance properties such as mechanical properties wear resistance corrosion resistance high-temperature oxidation magnetic performance and biocompatibility; and preparation methods such as laser sintering laser melting PVD CVD and PEO.</span></p>