Fiorinia phantasma biology and control

Fiorinia phantasma Cockerell & Robinson is an economically important pest of nursery plants particularly of ornamental palms and can be transported to new localities by movement of live nursery stock (Ahmed 2018 Ahmed and Miller 2018). It was first found in the Philippine Islands in 1915 (Cockerell and Robinson 1915) and had a major global expansion during the last decade. It is now known in 23 countries and territories (American Samoa France French Polynesia Grenada Guam Hawaii Hong Kong Indonesia Malaysia Maldives Nauru Netherlands New Caledonia Papua New Guinea Reunion Saint Barthelemy Saint Martin Singapore Solomon Islands Taiwan Thailand the continental United States and Vietnam; Watson et al. 2015). The first USA continental record was collected on Phoenix canariensis Hort Canary Island date palm in 2018 from Miami-Dade County Florida where it was abundant and causing damage to fronds in ornamental palms (Ahmed 2018 Ahmed and Miller 2018). Heavy infestations of F. phantasma have also been reported on palms in Hawaii and Grenada (Garcia 2011).