Focusing (Differences in) Conversational Discourse Speech Acts

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich Anglistik - Linguistik Note: 17 Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg Sprache: Deutsch Abstract: Index I. Introduction II. Clause as Exchange- The Nature of Dialogue III. Discourse Analysis According to Michael Stubbs IV. Surface Cohesion and Underlying Coherence - Indirection in Speech Acts according to John R. Austin 4.1 Utterances as Actions 4.2 Discourse Acts and Speech Acts 4.3 Identifying Speech Acts 4.4 Speech Acts and Social Roles V. Speech Act Analysis according to John R. Searle VI. Conclusion VII. Bibliography I. Introduction Discourse analysis is the general term for a number of approaches to analyze written or spoken language. Discourse Analysis began to develop in the late 1960s and 1970s in most of the humanities and social sciences and in relation with semiotics psycholinguistics sociolinguistics and pragmatics. The object of discourse analysis is defined in terms coherent sequences of sentences propositions speech acts or turns-at-talk. In opposite to traditional linguistics discourse analysts not only study language use beyond the sentence boundary but also prefer to analyze naturally occurring language use and not invented examples. Whereas earlier studies of discourse mainly focused on the abstract structures of written texts many contemporary approaches especially those influenced by the social sciences favour a more dynamic study of spoken talk in interaction. Often a distinction is made between local structures of discourse such as relations between sentences and global structures such as the overall topics and the schematic organization of the discourse or conversation as a whole. This term paper will first of all deal with the nature of dialogue and show how interaction functions. In my second chapter I will have a closer look on discourse according to how Michael Stubbs who teaches courses in general and applied linguistics lexicology grammar; semantics and pragmatics text