Forest massifs' types of the Middle Volga

Object of our investigation is characterized by spatial structure of the forest cover at Middle Volga forest-steppe. There are described different types of forest massifs in the forest-steppe zone. Forest massifs were considered to be a complex different-ranked ecosystems. The data on the composition of the forest-forming trees species in the different types forest massifs are given. The current mosaic pattern of the forest ecosystems reflects realistic vegetation the degree of its transformation and possible ways of regenerating of the forest under certain landscape conditions. Degree of disturbance of the forest cover for investigated territory is extraordinary high. Forests'' fragmentation as result of the human activity changed natural character that refers not only to composition structure of the forests phytocoenoses but also to morphological characteristics of the wooden massifs. Different categories of the wooden massifs enough clear differenced to species composition of the basic forest forming breeds. The target audience of the book is for forest ecologists forest managers nature protection specialists botanists and forestry faculties students.