Freitags Widerstand und die Unterwanderung von Crusoes Vorherrschaft: Eine Studie der Postkolonialismus-Forschung zu Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe

Abstract: Despite the general view of Robinson Crusoe as a manifesto for colonial empowerment this paper in the German language shows that the text in fact exposes the paradigmatic self-affirming colonial subject as inherently instable. It does so not only by the initial perforation of Crusoes name but also by failing pro-imperialist apology - according to Edward Saids idea of contrapuntal read¬ing - aimed at legitimiz¬ing Crusoes supremacy over his island and his power over the main non-Western protagonists Xury and Friday. Both these parallel cases of subjugation are ridden by almost absurd logical or economic contradic¬tions exposing the futility at the heart of their mechanics. Also the presentation of Crusoes superiority by means of the con¬struction of reli¬gious alterity is inconsistent as traces of hybridization within the Chris¬tian creed show. Moreover Crusoes will to establish his Western language usage as superior backfires when Creo¬lization enters the protagonists own discourse and his self-aggrandizing declaration of being master of his island is subverted by antagonistic elements which he - unsuccessfully - tries to exclude from the realm of hu¬mankind - by unconvincingly de¬picting their cannibal eating hab¬its. Further anti-imperialist resistance according to Said becomes obvious within the text when the visual contrast between Crusoe and colonized peoples - one of the markers of alterity - collapses as Friday acquires phenotypical Western traits and Crusoe devel-ops non-Western features. But it is Friday who symbolically resists colonial power most potently. Far from being only the obedient servant desired by his master he stubbornly refuses to speak Eng-lish adequately thus exposing Crusoes deficiency of authority. But most of all after years of subjugation he stages a revolt not only against Crusoe but - in the name of all colonized peoples - against Western colonists.