Fungal Tyrosinases: A New Prospect

Tyrosinases (monophenol di-phenol oxygen oxidoreductase EC (1.14.18.1) are the copper- containg enzymes which catalyse the o-hydroxylation of monophenols and even subsequent oxidation of di-phenols to quinones. These enzymes are involved in pigmentation and are the important factors in wound mending and primary immune response. Tyrosinases are found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms in invertebrates mammals and plants. Fusarium are included in the Nectriaceae family and represents one among the most important genus of the Hypocreales order ascribable to its impactful number of species and their practical part. In fungi tyrosinases are basically associated with the formation and stability of spores in defence and acridity mechanisms and in browning and saturation. First characterized from the comestible mushroom Agaricus bisporus because of undesirable enzymatic browning problems during postharvest storage tyrosinases were introduce more recently in several other fungi with relative insights into molecular and inheritable characteristics and into reaction mechanisms pointing their veritably promising properties for biotechnological operations.