Gastroesophageal Reflux and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains a significant global health challenge due to its chronic nature and the limitations and/or controversies of traditional management strategies such as long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and classic fundoplication. This review has highlighted the evolution of alternative GERD treatment showcasing a spectrum of innovative approaches that bridge the gap between conventional pharmacological management and standard surgical approaches.Empirical trial of PPI therapy is not recommended in infants and young children. Acid suppression with H2RAs or PPI should be started in children not responding to conservative management while paying attention to adverse effects. Anti-reflux surgery is not a panacea because of its potential complications so should be indicated for those with anatomical abnormalities or those who develop ALTE.