Gender Quotas Parity Reform and Political Parties in France

How did parity replace gender quotas in France as the preferred way to achieve greater representation for women in elected office? Why have these gender-based measures been embraced by some parties and not others? And why do parties sometimes fail to implement quotas and parity? Gender Quotas Parity Reform and Political Parties in France considers this transition from quotas to parity providing a history of French women's rights and the French electoral process as well as an examination of the roles of the Socialist and Gaullist political parties.