Hands on Research Design in Social Sciences

This book is dedicated to my wife Doreen Mweene Musengule and my daughter Bupe Mweene. And great thanks goes to my friends; Chileshe Mulenga Edward Sikweya Dr. Jason Mwanza Dr. Richard Silumbe Adams Siapema Mathan Thangaraj and my Brother Joseph Mponda and the wife Mary Mponda Banda. I also extend this opportunities to congratulate my Daddy Godfrey Mweeene to have a scholar in the family and not forgetting my sisters; Gladys Mildred and Brendah. What exactly is ‘knowledge’? What makes certain kinds of knowledge scientific compared to other kinds of knowledge? The predominant understanding of the concept of ‘science’ has for a long time been the notion of an activity steadily accumulating general and objective knowledge of its object that is existence and reality by means of systematic and neutral empirical observations.