Herbicides and Defoliants in War: The Long-term Effects on Man and Nature

The Vietnam war of 1961-1975 is among other things notable for the massive employment of anti-plant chemical warfare agents (herbicides or plant defoliating and killing chemicals). Primarily during the mid to late 1960s the USA sprayed approximately 72 million liters of these herbicides over some 1.7 million hectares of rural South Vietnam; that is about one hectare in every ten. At least 12% of the forests of South Vietnam were sprayed one or more times as were 5% or more of the agricultural la...See More