This volume offers a stimulating new perspective on the history of historical studies. Through the prism of 'scholarly personae' it explores why historians care about attitudes or dispositions that they consider necessary for studying the past yet often disagree about what virtues skills or competencies are most important. More specifically the volume explains why models of virtue known as 'personae' have always been contested yet also can prove remarkably stable especially with regard to their race class and gender assumptions. Covering historical studies across Europe North America Africa and East Asia <i>How to be a historian </i>will appeal not only to historians of historiography but to all historians who occasionally wonder: What kind of a historian do I want to be?