In the current context health care-related infections (HAIs) represent a major challenge given their high morbidity and mortality rates. In addition the indiscriminate use of antibiotics is associated with an increase in the occurrence of these events making HAIs a major public health problem worldwide. In the book in question we sought to broadly address these infectious processes focusing on the concepts history etiologies associated complications prevention and treatment and mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics as well as the presentation of occurrence rates and the exposure of an article on the subject.