Synthetic and characteristic aspects of some inorganic nanomaterials and their applications including clean energy environmental protection and abrasive polishing are within the scope of this book. These inorganic nanomaterials involve metal (nickel) nonmetal (carbon) semimetal (antimony and bismuth) and compounds (oxide hydroxide fluoride and silicate) which have all sorts of morphologies such as nanoparticles nanorods nanobelts hollow spheres porous films core-shell structures and so on.