There is an outstanding problem in operator theory the so-called INVARIANT SUBSPACE PROBLEM: Given a complex Banach space X which operators on X have non-trivial closed invariant subspaces? This problem has been open for more than half a century. In spite of momentous efforts by functional analysts the problem continues to elude them even today. Until fairly recently it was not known whether there was any operator T without a non-trivial closed invariant subspace.