Issues in Applied Linguistics

This book is the compilation of 3 articles in Applied linguistics. The main focuses of the present issue are testing and assessment in Second Language teaching and learning. Two papers describe the strategies that second language learners use for different item types in the reading section of TOEFL iBT. The participants were instructed on how to use Reading and Test-management Strategies. The main concern of the two first papers was to examine the types of Reading and Test-management strategies the participants employed for different item Types in TOEFL iBT. Moreover the third paper concerns investigating the presence of DIF in terms of gender in a high stakes language proficiency test in Iran the National University Entrance Exam for Foreign Languages (NUEEFL).