Laser Processing and Diagnostics

Laser processing is now a rapidly increasing field with many real and potential applications in different areas of technology such as micromecha- nics metallurgy integrated optics and semiconductor device fabrication. The neces s ity for such soph i st i cated 1 i ght sources as 1 asers is based on the spatial coherence and the monochromaticity of laser light. The spatial coherence permits extreme focussing of the laser light resulting in the availability of high energy densities which can be used for strongly loca- lized heat- and chemical-treatment of materials with a resolution down to 1 ess than 1 lJIll. When us i ng pul sed or scanned cw-l asers 1 oca 1 i zat i on in time is also possible. Additionally the monochromaticity of laser light allows for control of the depth of heat treatment and/or selective nonthermal bond breaking - within the surface of the material or within the molecules of the surrounding reactive atmosphere - simply by tuning the laser wavelength. These inherent advantages of laser light permit micromachining of materials (drilling cutting welding etc. ) and also allow single-step controlled area processing of thin films and surfaces. Processes include structural transformation (removal of residual damage grain growth in polycrystalline material amorphization surface hardening etc. ) etching doping alloying or deposition. In addition laser processing is not 1 imited to planar substrates.