Legionella Contamination in Water Environment

Legionella spp. are ubiquitous microorganisms that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. Water systems of large buildings such as hospitals hotels and rental units are often contaminated by legionellae and various parameters such as physical chemical and microbial building water system characteristics can influence Legionella occurrence. A range of physical and chemical disinfection methods have been proposed to control Legionella contamination; however to date the most effective procedures have not been defined. There is a need to survey legionellae in water systems to prevent legionellosis. Although the assessment of L. pneumophila in water is typically performed by culture isolation on selective media it has several limits. For this reason alternative tools for rapid sensitive and specific detection of Legionella in water samples have been proposed. In order to increase knowledge on different aspects of Legionella contamination in the water environment this book gathers research studies related to the occurrence of Legionella in water systems of different environments; the role of different factors that can influence the Legionella contamination as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methodological approaches.