Using detailed empirical examples and a systematic review of the literature Shorttitle explores a field that to date has not been subject to thorough empirical research. Shorttitle aims to provide a timely contribution answering such fundamental questions as what exactly is meant by project-based learning (in the context of higher education) how it has been implemented - and with what possible impact and how a current topic of learning research the interplay between teacher-regulation and student regulation of learning can manifest itself.