<p>Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MPDS) is a stomatognathic system disturbance and a common form of temporomandibular joint disorder affecting the facial region primarily affecting masticatory muscles temporomandibular joint surrounding bone and soft tissue components leading to chronic pain jaw movement limitations sensitivity to touch temporomandibular joint sounds chewing difficulty iatrogenic problems infection and trigger points and dental issues. Increasing the patient‘s awareness and responsibility regarding the psychosocial factors of the disease can be an important treatment tool. Reduction of harmful behaviors and the balance between physiological psychological and social factors seem to be powerful tools to control and alleviate signals and symptoms of TMD. Hence this book gives an overview of the etiology diagnosis and treatment for MPDS.</p>