Manzanar

East of the rugged Sierra Nevada in Californias Owens Valley lies Manzanar. Founded in 1910 as a fruit-growing colony it was named in Spanish for the fragrant apple orchards that once filled its spectacularly scenic landscape. Owens Valley Paiute lived there first followed by white homesteaders and ranchers. But with the onset of World War II came a new identity as the first of 10 relocation centers hastily built in 1942 to house 110000 people of Japanese ancestry two-thirds of them American citizens removed from the West Coast. In the face of upheaval and loss Manzanars 10000 confined residents created parks gardens and a functioning wartime community within the camps barbed-wire-enclosed square mile of flimsy barracks. Today Manzanar National Historic Site commemorates this and all of Manzanars unique communities.