Can we conceive of a market economy that fulfills the ideals of socialism? Here Miller provides a comprehensive examination from the standpoint of political theory of an economy in which market mechanisms retain a central role but in which capitalist patterns of ownership have been superseded. He shows that liberal ideas of freedom justice and efficiency cannot be used to vindicate laissez-faire capitalism and rebuts left-wing criticisms of a socialist market economy. Justifying his ideas as a workable option he then presents a new model of the socialist state whose central idea is that of democratic citizenship.