Massive MIMO Systems

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) which transmits multiple data streams via multiple antenna elements is one of the most attractive technologies in the wireless communication field. Its extension called massive MIMO or large-scale MIMO in which base station has over one hundred of the antenna elements is now seen as a promising candidate to realize 5G and beyond as well as 6G mobile communications. It has been the first decade since its fundamental concept emerged. This Special Issue consists of 19 papers and each of them focuses on a popular topic related to massive MIMO systems e.g. analog/digital hybrid signal processing antenna fabrication and machine learning incorporation. These achievements could boost its realization and deepen the academic and industrial knowledge of this field.