Mediator or Moderator? The Influence of Flow at Work on the Relationship between Resources and Organizational Outcomes

Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Psychology - Work Business Organisational and Economic Psychology grade: 10 University of Vienna (Psychologie) language: English abstract: Within the scope of positive psychology one main construct is optimal experience or flow. Flow is a state in which people are so involved in an activity that nothing else seems to matter. Although Maslow introduced the term `positive psychology` more than 70 years ago the research in this field is still sparse and conceptualizations as well as implications of flow are fragmentary and inconsistent. Therefore the present study among 117 white-collar employees investigates the relationships between flow at work job resources (feedback task variety social support autonomy and self-efficacy) and organizational outcomes (subjective well-being work performance and health). In this concept it was assumed that resources and flow are predictors of organizational outcomes and that resources are also predictors of flow. Additionally flow was studied as a mediator of the resources-outcomes relationship. Subjects completed online and paper-pencil-surveys including resources flow and organizational outcomes. Analyses revealed that higher levels of job resources lead to higher levels of flow at work as well as predicting well-being and work performance. In addition employees who report frequent flow experience also report high levels of well-being and work performance. Furthermore flow was found to be a mediator in the relationship of resources with subjective well-being and work performance. It is recommended that organizations should care more about resources and flow since they predict well-being and work performance.