Medieval French Interlocutions

<b>Specialists in other languages offer perspectives on the widespread use of French in a range of contexts from German courtly narratives to biblical exegesis in Hebrew.</b><br><br><br>French came into contact with many other languages in the Middle Ages: not just English Italian and Latin but also Arabic Dutch German Greek Hebrew Irish Occitan Sicilian Spanish and Welsh. Its movement was impelled by trade pilgrimage crusade migration colonisation and conquest and its contact zones included Muslim Jewish and Christian communities among others. Writers in these contact zones often expressed themselves and their worlds in French; but other languages and cultural settings could also challenge reframe or even ignore French-users' prestige and self-understanding.<br><br> The essays collected here offer cross-disciplinary perspectives on the use of French in the medieval world moving away from canonical texts well-known controversies and conventional framings. Whether considering theories of the vernacular in Outremer Marco Polo and the global Middle Ages or the literary patronage of aristocrats and urban patricians their interlocutions throw new light on connected and contested literary cultures in Europe and beyond.