Microbiota and Type 2 Diabetes

Chronic exposure to pesticide residues even at low doses significantly disrupts the intestinal microbiota leading to dysbiosis characterized by a >50% reduction in beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium) and a proliferation of pathogens (Escherichia/Shigella Clostridium). This imbalance is accompanied by altered production of short-chain fatty acids leading to increased intestinal permeability systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbances. These mechanisms contribute to the development of chronic diseases (obesity type 2 diabetes). This review analyzes the impact of pesticides on the microbiota and their pathological implications highlighting the need for tighter regulation to safeguard public health.