MICROCLONAL PROPAGATION OF PLANTS

This methodological manual provides a comprehensive and practice-oriented guide to the microclonal propagation of plants designed specifically for university students engaged in laboratory-based plant biotechnology. It introduces the fundamental principles of plant tissue culture including cellular totipotency the role of plant growth regulators and the developmental pathways of callus formation organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. The manual outlines essential laboratory organization safety standards equipment functions and sterilization procedures necessary for maintaining aseptic conditions.A detailed section on culture media preparation covers nutrient composition stock solution formulation pH adjustment and autoclaving supplemented by step-by-step student exercises. Subsequent chapters focus on the selection of donor plants explant types surface sterilization techniques and the establishment of cultures. Practical exercises guide students through critical stages of micropropagation including inoculation shoot multiplication rooting and acclimatization of regenerated plantlets.