This book presents two nonlinear control strategies for complex dynamical networks. First sliding-mode control is used and then the inverse optimal control approach is employed. For both cases model-based is considered in Chapter 3 and Chapter 5; then Chapter 4 and Chapter 6 are based on determining a model for the unknow system using a recurrent neural network using on-line extended Kalman filtering for learning.The book is organized in four sections. The first one covers mathematical prelimina