Oliver Twist: A novel by Charles Dickens (original 1848 Dickens version)

Oliver Twist or the Parish Boys Progress is author Charles Dickenss second novel and was first published as a serial 1837-39. The story centres on orphan Oliver Twist born in a workhouse and sold into apprenticeship with an undertaker. After escaping Twist travels to London where he meets The Artful Dodger a member of a gang of juvenile pickpockets led by the elderly criminal Fagin. Oliver Twist is notable for its unromantic portrayal by Dickens of criminals and their sordid lives as well as for exposing the cruel treatment of the many orphans in London in the mid-19th century. The alternative title The Parish Boys Progress alludes to Bunyans The Pilgrims Progress as well as the 18th-century caricature series by William Hogarth A Rakes Progress and A Harlots Progress.In this early example of the social novel Dickens satirises the hypocrisies of his time including child labour the recruitment of children as criminals and the presence of street children. The novel may have been inspired by the story of Robert Blincoe an orphan whose account of working as a child labourer in a cotton mill was widely read in the 1830s. It is likely that Dickenss own youthful experiences contributed as well.Oliver Twist has been the subject of numerous adaptations for various media including a highly successful musical play Oliver! and the multiple Academy Award-winning 1968 motion picture. Disney also put its spin on the novel with the animated film called Oliver & Company in 1988.