Operation theatre Equipment and Allied Surgeries-1

Cryosurgery is a type of surgery that involves the use of extreme cold to destroy abnormal tissues such as tumors and cryopreservation of blood. Liquid Nitrogen plant is discussed.  . Surgical diathermy involve the use of high-frequency A.C. electric current in surgery as either a cutting modality or else to cauterize small blood vessels to stop bleeding. Monopolar Bipolar are discussed with active and indifferent electrodes and foot switches. Safety of ESU is discussed. Different waveforms of  cutting and coagulation are shown. Heart-lung machine takes over the function of the heart and lungs during heart surgery. Heart Lung Equipment/ Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is discussed elaborately with all parts separately. Fuzzy Logic Based Smart Anesthesia Monitoring System in the Operation Theatre is discussed and needed parameters are monitored so all types of Transducers are illustrated with figures. Then and there electronics circuits are included. In operation theatre many  equipments and connections create leakage currents which are harmful to patients as well as users. Thermography is a non-invasive method of recording and interpreting the distribution of surface temperature and diagnose the patient. A new generation of high-resolution cameras has been developed leading to improved diagnostic capability. Medical Thermography uses IR. Operation theatre waste disposal is discussed with safety aspect.