Optimization Technique in Water Resource Management

Although most countries give first priority to satisfaction of basic human needs for water one fifth of the world’s population is without access to safe drinking water and half of the population is without access to adequate sanitation. These service deficiencies primarily affect the poorest segments of the population in developing countries. In these countries water supply and sanitation for urban and rural areas represents one of the most serious challenges in the years ahead. Water is increasingly seen as a key constraint on food production on a par with if not more crucial than land scarcity. All human activities need water and produce waste but some of them need more water or produce more waste per job than others. This consideration has to be taken into account in economic development strategies especially in regions with scarce water resources. Water has a value as an economic good.