Optimizing Tooth Survival

Endodontics has made significant strides in regenerative approaches largely due to advancements in biologically based procedures known as regenerative endodontic therapy (RET). In recent years there has been a noticeable shift in the conceptual framework of this therapy. Initially RET relied on a blood clot formed by apical bleeding without the use of the patient's cells-referred to as cell-free RET. Over time RET has evolved to incorporate the three fundamental principles of tissue engineering: the use of stromal or stem cells scaffolds and growth factors with the goal of regenerating a functional dentin-pulp complex. This comprehensive review delves into the foundational knowledge and practical insights necessary for the translational application of stem cell-based RET and tissue engineering techniques for dental pulp regeneration.